A Qualified Opportunity Zone (QOZ) is a designated economically distressed community where investors can receive federal tax incentives for investing capital gains into real estate or businesses in that area. The program was created by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 to encourage private investment in low-income communities across the country. By investing eligible capital gains into a Qualified Opportunity Fund, investors can defer and potentially reduce those gains, and if they hold the investment long enough, eliminate taxes on any new appreciation entirely. The trade-off is that these investments are typically illiquid, high-risk, and complex, requiring careful due diligence. Opportunity zones can be a powerful tool for investors with significant capital gains, but they're not suitable for everyone and are best evaluated with a tax advisor.